What is Rain Irrigation System?

Rain irrigation system is actually a modern and advanced irrigation method in the agricultural industry, in which water from a reservoir and source is pumped by a water pump and then sprayed into the air at various points on the ground by sprinklers, resembling raindrops falling on agricultural products, providing them with the necessary water.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Rain Irrigation System

Each type of irrigation method in the agricultural industry can have its own specific advantages and disadvantages, and the rain irrigation system will not be an exception to this rule. Among the most important advantages of the rain irrigation system are:

• Elimination of soil channels for water and use of special pipes and fittings, reducing water wastage

• High compatibility with various types of soils

• Saving water compared to traditional methods like surface irrigation

• Increase in production efficiency compared to traditional irrigation methods

• Easier and more extensive water management and control, proper water consumption planning

• High compatibility with various water, weather, and environmental conditions

• Possibility of adding nutrients, fertilizers, etc., to the required water for plants and distributing them evenly

Rain irrigation, alongside all its advantages and special benefits, can also have drawbacks and disadvantages, the most important of which include high initial costs for equipment setup, high evaporation rates compared to other irrigation methods, improper irrigation in the presence of suspended particles in water, washing off pesticides used in agricultural products from leaves and stems, disruption of the irrigation process in windy conditions, and more.

Types of Rain Irrigation

As mentioned, rain irrigation system can have unique advantages and disadvantages and are now used in many parts of the world in a modern and advanced way. In general, rain irrigation under pressure is divided into two main categories: classic or traditional rain irrigation system and automatic or modern rain irrigation system, each of which can have various subcategories.

Classic or Traditional Rain Irrigation System

As the name suggests, this rain irrigation system is done in a non-mechanized way and generally consists of 4 main methods.

1. Movable Rain Irrigation (Portable)

In this classic system, the water pipes are made of aluminum, and all system components will be opened at the end of the agricultural season or transferred to another farm. This system is usually suitable for small and scattered lands with asymmetric geometries and can be cost-effective. Irrigating row crops with low height using this system can have good efficiency, although it requires a lot of labor and parts may have high wear and tear.

2. Semi-Movable Rain Irrigation (Semi-Portable)

In this type of rain irrigation system, the water pumping device, main and secondary water transfer pipes, and sprinklers are installed on the pipe and can be moved. This system is suitable for scattered lands with various shapes and has a higher cost compared to the movable system.

3. Semi-Permanent Rain Irrigation with Movable Sprinklers (Semi-Permanent)

This classic rain irrigation system is very popular because it has fixed laterals and automatic valves, while the sprinklers are movable. To reduce the execution costs, large sprinklers with greater spacing can be used. By using taller risers, this system can also be used for irrigating high crops, although it requires more investment compared to previous methods.

4. Permanent Rain Irrigation (Permanent)

In this classic system, all components of the rain irrigation system are fixed and cannot be moved. Among the classic methods, this system requires the highest investment, but it can be a more suitable option for perennial crops and requires the least amount of labor.

Automatic or Modern Rain Irrigation System

With the advancement of various sciences and technologies, the rain irrigation system has also developed into a mechanized and automatic form. This system utilizes the technical knowledge and cutting-edge technologies of the world and can be suitable for large and unified farms and lands. Mechanized rain irrigation system is carried out in four different ways, as follows:

1. Wheel Move or Wheel Line Irrigation

This system, also known as the wheel line, uses several aluminum pipes and wheels that will be moved by a gasoline engine. The wheel move speed is approximately 10 meters per minute, and the irrigation hours per shift are determined based on the plant's water needs. This irrigation system is suitable for crops that are not sensitive to rain irrigation. The wheel move system is stationary during irrigation and does not move, and after irrigation, various rain sprinklers, lateral pipes, etc., are moved to other parts of the farm by the engine.

2.

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